5G standard is about to be finalized, China has 10% of 5G patents

China, Japan and Korea will cooperate in the practical application of the new generation communication standard "5G". The China, Japan and Korea Ministers of Information and Communication held in Tokyo on May 28 reached an agreement. To realize the commercialization of “5G” from around 2019 to 2020, the three countries will cooperate in the 5G frequency negotiation of international organizations, and will share information such as empirical experimental results.

As the leading three countries in 5G technology, cooperation with each other can be mutually supported in related technologies, which is conducive to the maturity of 5G technology and further unification of standards. Japan's NHK TV station reported on May 27 that if China and Japan share part of the 5G band, it will not only help enterprises develop 5G communication equipment, but also promote the standardization of 5G in Asian countries.

Improve the 5G standard voice

In the 2G era, there was nothing, the 3G era was on the stage, and the 4G era was basically running. China has already had the strength to negotiate and cooperate with countries such as Japan and South Korea in the 5G era.

As the core technology of the "Internet of Things", 5G applications have different scenarios. 3G International Standards Development Organization 3GPP defines three major scenarios for 5G: enhanced mobile broadband eMBB, large connected Internet of Things mMTC, and ultra-reliable low-latency communication uRLLC. These three scenarios mean the three "forms" of the network. Simply put, eMBB is for networking, and uRLLC and mMTC are for the Internet of Things. Different scenarios represent different technical requirements and different technical standards. These technical standards are not determined at the same time, but are determined step by step.

According to the 3GPP schedule, the first phase of the 5G standard focuses on determining eMBB. In other words, first meet the requirements of the human network.

In October 2016, 3GPP took the lead in determining the coding scheme for the 5GeMBB scene data channel recommended by Qualcomm and other US carriers and enterprises. In November of that year, 3GPP selected the coding code of the control channel in the 5GeMBB scenario recommended by Huawei and other Chinese communication companies at the conference held by Reno in the United States. It can be said that it is evenly divided with the United States.

Global communication standards have always been more than a technical standard, but a high point of competition for industrial development. From the history of mobile communication development, although China is the world's largest mobile market, GSM and CDMA from the 2G era; WCDMA, CDMA2000, TD-SCDMA and Wimax in the 3G era; FDD and TDD under the LTE standard in the 4G era, Qualcomm Nokia, Ericsson (7.21, -0.05, -0.69%), Samsung and LG have dominated mobile communication technology in the past. This time China made its first breakthrough in the field of channel coding, which reflected China's strength and laid the foundation for China to strive for more voice in the 5G standard than in the past.

From May 21st to 25th, the 3GPP working group held the last meeting of the 5G first-phase standard setting in Busan, South Korea. It is reported that this meeting will determine the entire content of the 3GPP R15 standard. It is expected that at the plenary meeting held in the United States in June, 3GPP will announce the first phase of the 5G.

At the 3GPP Busan meeting, all working groups developing 5G wireless technology were summarized here to finalize the relevant standard technologies for 5G RAN commercialization. To put it simply, after the end of the Busan meeting, the independent networking standards in the first phase of 5G have been released soon. The conference was hosted by Samsung Electronics of South Korea. About 1,500 experts in the field of communication in the field of chips, terminals and system equipment attended the conference. The world's major communication companies were all on the same page. Communication equipment and mobile phone manufacturers including Huawei, OPPO, vivo and many other Chinese companies also participated in the discussion and submitted proposals.

China holds 10% of 5G patents

As reported in the Nihon Keizai Shimbun, if the technical standards are unified around the world, the emerging business model using 5G will be easier to establish. For example, a refrigerator that uses built-in sensors to find out that stocks with insufficient reserves can push reminders to users' mobile phones. The advertising promotion service based on big data analysis can save the development cost of acquiring data after the communication standard is unified.

Once the unified 5G standard is approved and promulgated, all manufacturers around the world must follow the standard for equipment production, networking, and terminal access. However, the patents under the standard are in the hands of a few manufacturers, so other companies need to obtain patent licenses from manufacturers with core patents.

Last year, Qualcomm announced a high-profile 5G patent charging plan, charging 2.275% to 5% for each mobile phone that uses its patents. In other words, the patent fee for a mobile phone with a price of 1,000 yuan is in the range of 22.75-50 yuan. According to Xinhua News Agency, there are 1.9 billion mobile phone production in China in 2017. According to this standard, Qualcomm will charge tens of billions of patent fees. Global securities and investment banking group Jefferies released a report in September last year, "Telecom Services - Geopolitics of 5G and IoT (Internet of Things)", which pointed out that only Qualcomm in the United States has 15% of 5G patents, and Nokia accounts for 11%. Ericsson accounts for 8%.

Of course, China's position in 5G research and development is also changing. According to the report, as of the beginning of 2017, 10% of the 1,450 key 5G network patents are owned by the Chinese, and they expect this number to rise.

China accelerates deployment of 5G commercial

With the freezing of the R15 standard, the scale test has also been launched in various countries, and the official commercialization of 5G has entered the countdown.

US carriers have been actively exploring 5G trials since 2017. Up to now, the country's AT&T, Verizon, Sprint and T-Mobile four telecom operators have clearly defined the first phase of 5G deployment, Verizon's commercial time schedule The earliest is from the second half of 2018. The EU relies on the 5GPPP project, starting the prototype test in 2017, and launching the 5G pre-commercial test in 2018. The commercial time is 2020 or later. Japan plans to commercialize 5G for the Tokyo Olympics, providing hotspot coverage. As early as the beginning of 2014, South Korea finalized the "Future Mobile Communication Industry Development Strategy" with the 5G development master plan as its main content, and decided to launch a comprehensive 5G commercial service by 2020, and will invest 1.6 trillion won for this purpose. About 9.03 billion yuan). The UK also released "Next Generation Mobile Technology: The UK 5G Strategy" in 2017, which will invest £25 million in 5G experiments to explore the potential of 5G business models, services and applications.

China is no exception. “Actively promoting the research on the fifth-generation mobile communication (5G) and ultra-wideband key technologies and launching 5G commercial applications” was included in the “13th Five-Year Plan”. The three major operators in China have also announced the 5G timetable: this year's 5G scale test will be pre-commercial next year and officially commercialized by 2020. According to the "Nikkei Business News" report, China's three major telecommunications operators will implement a 300 billion yuan investment by 2020 to establish a new generation of wireless communication standard 5G communication network. With the rapid spread of 5G as the “Internet of Things (IoT)” and autopilot infrastructure in the world's largest Chinese market, technology and services from China are likely to approach actual world standards. China Mobile Communications Group, with more than 800 million users, has developed 5G technology together with more than 40 companies worldwide. In addition to large-scale communications equipment companies such as Sweden's Ericsson, Finland's Nokia, and China's Huawei Technologies, it also includes US semiconductor companies Qualcomm and Intel. In addition, it also cooperates with companies in other industries such as General Motors, Volkswagen, Alibaba Group and Haier Group.

According to the report, China Mobile has completed the development of basic technology for 5G, and has implemented verification experiments outside in 2017. Commercialization will be promoted in some regions in 2018, and more than 1 million 4G base stations in China will be updated to 5G in 2019. Strive to start providing services nationwide in 2020. China Unicom began to work with Qualcomm to promote development. China Telecom Group is also closely following.

As the world's largest mobile phone country, although it has started late in terms of fixed-line telephone and communication infrastructure construction compared with developed countries such as Japan and the United States, financial services such as electronic payment and car-matching services with smartphones as the core have become widespread. It has been at the forefront of the world in terms of mobile phone related services. The sooner 5G products are put into pilot city trials, the more effective it is to verify whether the 5G network technical parameters formulated by operators are feasible, and the more advanced the equipment that meets the 5G international standard can be manufactured and deployed globally.

Ranked in the first echelon of the world 5G

The Russian Strategic Culture Foundation website reported on April 8 that the US Federal Communications Commission pointed out in the assessment of the global 5G market that although the North American market currently has the largest share, the demand in the Asia-Pacific region is growing faster because of the larger user base here. Initiatives to develop 5G technologies continue to emerge.

According to the report, the US think tank Stratford said: "5G technology will improve the efficiency of inventing advanced technology. China will make great efforts in this regard. The whistle of the game has already sounded. China, the United States, South Korea and other countries Several telecommunications companies have set up their sleeves and began to invent, test and apply technologies that will drive economic development."

Previously, Reuters also reported that in mid-April, the United States Wireless Communications and Internet Association (CTIA) released the "5G Global Competition" report mentioned that China's 5G commercial progress ranks first in the world, "the United States in 5G overall Preparation is behind China."

At present, China ranks among the first echelons of the world's 5G. The British "Financial Times" reported on May 30 that Qualcomm CEO Steve Morenkov predicted that the arrival of 5G technology will promote Chinese technology companies to the top of the global smart phone industry, leading the market for Apple and Samsung. threatening. “The past experience is that when you start the 'G' technology transformation, the industry structure will also change,” Morenkov said. Before the popularity of 4G, he recalled, “The hot topics in the industry have always been Motorola, Nokia and Blackberry.” These companies are now out of the stage.

It is reported that there are only five companies in the world that make 5G base stations, namely Huawei, ZTE and Datang Telecom in China, Ericsson in Sweden and Nokia in Finland. Who is the first to develop, who has better performance, in the future who is more likely to get large orders from operators in China, the United States, South Korea and other countries to obtain lucrative profits.

The website of the Russian Strategic Culture Foundation believes that China, which has Huawei and other companies, is already a leader in the field of wireless communications. Only Samsung, Finland, Nokia and Sweden Ericsson can compete with it. The transfer of "innovative machines" from the United States to Asia will give human electronic technology a new color.

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